PDX1 and neoplasm: C57BL/6 mice were challenged with 2 × 106 mouse PDAC cell lines designated as KPC-N, established from KrasLSL-G12D/+, Trp53LSL-R172H/+, and Pdx1-Cre mice (KPC), injected into the left flank, followed by intratumoral injection of either phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or K3-SPG from 10 days after tumor implantation.