IFNA1 and viral infectious disease: We propose that there may be several advantages to using microbiota-dependent induction of endogenous IFN responses in antiviral therapies and as vaccines adjuvants: (i) microbiota-induced IFN is localized; (ii) predefined microbiota stimulants may be able to augment IFN responses to specific virus infections; and (iii) microbiota-induced IFN expression may result in fewer side effects due to endogenous feedback loops controlling IFN production.