Several additional proteins were significantly altered in caspase-1, caspase-4 or NLRP3-knockdown cells (TGFα, CCL20, caspase-8, CSF-1, PDL-1, 4E-BP1, ADA and SCF), but these proteins currently lack a known association to the immune response during a UTI. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and bacterial urinary tract infection.