CD14 and asthma: Furthermore, it was observed in the asthma model that the infused MSCs was engulfed by pulmonary macrophages, resulting in a shift of monocytes to a type 2 immunosuppressive phenotype, polarization of CD14++CD16− classical monocytes to a CD14++CD16+CD206+ immunoregulatory intermediate subset with anti-inflammatory properties, and increased expression of IL-10 and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) [42–44], thereby driving the immune response toward an anti-inflammatory response.