ACHE and Cognitive impairment: This study showed that BTL-I dose-dependently ameliorated AlCl3-induced cognitive deficits in zebrafish, reversed the elevation of AlCl3-induced central and peripheral proinflammatory cytokine levels and the increase in brain AChE activity, and contributed to maintaining the predominance of beneficial Gram-positive bacteria in the GMB of zebrafish, which was challenged by AlCl3.