Additionally, reduction in PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, cyclin D1, MMP-2,9, PI3K-p85 expression, and elevation in PTEN phosphorylation and p21 expression were noticed in HSP treated Eca-109 cell line, which causes cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase [113]. This evidence concerns the gene CDKN1A and hereditary spastic paraplegia.