Cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, TNF signaling pathway, influenza A, NF-κB signaling pathway, osteoclast differentiation, measles, viral–protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor, IL-17 signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and rheumatoid arthritis were significantly enriched by upregulated DEGs (Figure 4A). Here, TNF is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.