Previously, our cross-sectional study revealed significantly higher levels of serum amyloid A (SAA), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-18, IL-23 and chitinase 3 like protein 1 (CHI3L1) in sera of therapy-naïve GCA patients compared to HBDs, reflecting an active disease (22). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL8 and temporal arteritis.