Among the different NOS isoforms, the importance of iNOS has been predominantly investigated in inflammatory and infectious diseases (Wong and Billiar, 1995; Kröncke et al., 1998) but is now emerging as an important metabolic regulator (Perreault and Marette, 2001; Cha et al., 2011; Kanuri et al., 2017; Kakimoto et al., 2019; Pathak et al., 2019; Aggarwal et al., 2020). The gene discussed is NOS2; the disease is infectious disease.