FMO3 and liver disorder: FMO3 protein and its metabolite (TMAO) participate in the TAF–FMO3–TMAO pathway, which could regulate lipid metabolism (Schugar and Brown, 2015; Warrier et al., 2015), while the downregulated mRNA Dmbt1 could encode the DMBT1 protein, which is related to liver injury and repair mechanisms in liver diseases (Bisgaard et al., 2002; Deng et al., 2012).