NFE2L2 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Chang and co-workers reported that overexpression of GRP78/p-PERK signaling pathway activates nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (NRF2), leading to enhanced expression of glycolytic enzymes and stemness markers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, thus, supporting Warburg phenotype and cancer cell stemness (200).