PDCD1 and neoplasm: Regardless of the CAR-T generations, PD-1 gene-edited CAR-T cells can considerably enhance the survival of animal-bearing gliomas compared to the conventional CAR-T cells.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The single-cell sequencing of tumoral cells and cells residing in the tumor microenvironment can provide valuable insights into the patient-derived neoantigens and the expression profile of inhibitory immune checkpoint molecules in tumor bulk.