On the other hand, bezafibrate, a dual PPAR and pregnane receptor X agonist, increases the mRNA expression of sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP), CYP3A4, multidrug resistance proteins 1 and 3, and multidrug resistance–associated protein 2 (MRP2), while downregulating the expression of CYP7A1 and CYP27A1 in human hepatoma cells [reviewed in Ghonem et al. (2015)]. This evidence concerns the gene CYP3A4 and hepatocellular carcinoma.