In this context, an impaired Akt1-GSK-3 pathway (leading to activation of GSK-3) was found in the brain and peripheral lymphocytes of schizophrenia patients (Emamian et al., 2004), while DISC1 was originally discovered at the breakpoint of a balanced translocation t(1;11) (q42;q14.3) in a Scottish family with a high incidence of schizophrenia (Millar et al., 2000). Here, AKT1 is linked to schizophrenia.