In the TCGA cohort (Fig. 7A), compared with the low-risk group, the high-risk group had lower levels of immune cell infiltration, especially B cells, CD8+ T cells, mast cells, neutrophils, natural killer (NK) cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), helper T (Th) cells (Th1 and Th2 cells), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and regulatory T (Treg) cells. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and neoplasm.