Meantime, immunoregulatory pathways were significantly enriched in the low-risk ESCC patients, including Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity, Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, NOD like receptor signaling pathway, Interferon-alpha response, Interferon-gamma response and IL6 JAK STAT3 signaling pathway (Fig. 6B, D). This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.