In IBD, specific imbalances of cytokines include an influx of pro-inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) [5,16], as well as a decrease of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) [18] and interleukin (IL) -10 [19,20], whilst an increase of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-5 is observed in UC [5,16]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.