TGFB1 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Comparing other pathway inhibitors implicated in COPD and with EMT (Shankar and Nabi, 2015; Xie et al., 2004; Bocci et al., 2019; Xu et al., 2009; Gasior et al., 2017), we found that manipulating the TGFβ and Wnt signaling pathway did not abrogate cell movement despite decreasing the levels of transcriptional markers of pEMT.