Nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 4 (NFATc4) overexpression aggravated phenylephrine (PE)-induced perturbations in mitochondrial genesis, membrane potential, and mitochondrial respiration; in contrast, NFATc4 deletion mitigated PE-induced mitochondrial dysfunction as well as cardiac hypertrophy (67). The gene discussed is NFATC4; the disease is cardiac hypertrophy.