GPX4 and cancer: For cancer therapy, a large body of studies have indicated that artemisinin and its derivatives trigger ferroptosis through overproducing ROS and regulating the xc-/GPX4 system axis in various cancer cells, which has undergone several clinical trials and is proven to be safe and well-tolerated in patients with metastatic breast cancer or advanced-stage solid tumors (von Hagens et al., 2017).