BBC3 and hepatocellular carcinoma: For example, in contrast to many types of human cancers such as lung cancer, wide-type p53 is often retained in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), where it induces PUMA expression to disrupt the oligomerization and function of mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) through direct PUMA-MPC interaction, thereby inhibits the mitochondrial pyruvate uptake and promotes glycolysis of HCC (Kim et al., 2019).