A handful of genetic factors involved in the development of NPC, including immune-related HLA Class I genes, cell cycle control genes mouse double minute 2 human homolog (MDM2) and tumor protein p53 (TP53), DNA repair gene RAD51L1, cell adhesion/migration gene matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) (11), and SOX2 signaling pathway (12). Here, TP53 is linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.