PTEN and glioma: Moreover, mutations/deregulation in the platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα), telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), c-Myc, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), serine/threonine-protein kinase (BRAF) are frequently observed in glioma, which have become attractive markers for targeted therapy [Mukasa et al., 2010; Sampson et al., 2010; Killela et al., 2013; Johnson et al., 2014; Liu et al., 2020a; Liu et al., 2020b)].