INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: CB2R is expressed in thymus (Schatz et al., 1997) where autoimmune regulator AIRE (mutated in APS-1, autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1) stimulates ectopic expression of intracellular T1DM autoantigens (e.g., insulin and GAD65) in medullary thymus epithelium cells (mTECs) in which the endogenous peptides are presented to the cell surface by MHC-I (Alexandropoulos et al., 2015).