VWF and ischemic disease: In addition, previous studies have also reported that the administration of curcumin in ischemic diseases can salvage the functionality of endothelium (Pu et al., 2013), in our study, we also detected the quantity of CD31 and vWF in ischemic border area but demonstrated no significant difference in the presence or absence of curcumin 28 days after MI (data not shown).