SEMA3A and cardiac arrhythmia: Sema3a, produced by CMs, controls cardiac sympathetic innervation and is associated with arrhythmia when disrupted or overexpressed in mice.29 Moreover, Sema3a was identified as a naturally occurring Kv4.3 (potassium voltage-gated channel) inhibitor,37 suggesting its induction could affect Kv4.3.