F10 and atrial fibrillation: Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs), including rivaroxaban, apixaban and edoxaban as factor Xa inhibitors, and dabigatran etexilate as a thrombin inhibitor, are the first-line treatment for most patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) and for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF) (1–3).