STAR and orchitis: Interestingly, the ranks of the top 20 TFs that positively or negatively correlated with the four key androgen synthesis enzymes (Star, Cyp17a1, Hsd3b1, and Cyp11a1) changed considerably during EAO, illustrating the possible roles of Yy1, Sod1, Cat, Nr5a1, Akr1a1, Ncor1, and Hspa5 in supporting androgen synthesis during orchitis (Figures 3C, D and Supplementary Figures S2A, B).