INS and Glucose intolerance: Nrf2 binding to ARE could activate a series of antioxidant reaction to resist oxidative stress via initiating SOD, CAT, glutathione, NADPH (Bhakkiyalakshmi et al., 2015), and HO-1 (Zhu et al., 2020) while directly reducing excess ROS (Aleksunes et al., 2010) to protect and restore cell homeostasis under various stimuli (Uruno et al., 2016), while the suppression of Nrf2 in the body increases blood glucose level, aggravates glucose intolerance, and inhibits insulin signaling (Uruno et al., 2015).