PDIA3 and central nervous system cancer: In this regard, as previously reported, a study conducted on glioblastoma (GB) cells and glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs), where ERp57/PDIA3 levels are higher than in the microglia of in the surrounding parenchyma, showed that the ERp57/PDIA3 knockdown in GB cells induces different responses in GAMs and the inhibition of ERp57/PDIA3 could exert beneficial therapeutic effects.