However, there is also a legitimate pathophysiological background of the association of thyroid nodules and cancer with pregnancy, for example, stimulation of thyroid cells by human chorionic gonadotropin (18), gonadotropins, gonadoliberins, and oestrogens, increased thyroid vascularity in pregnancy, or decreased immune surveillance of cancer (19). The gene discussed is GNRH1; the disease is thyroid nodule.