INS and Insulin resistance: Thyroid disorders such as thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism can cause insulin resistance. Insulin resistance can develop in subclinical hypothyroidism as a result of a reduced rate of insulin-stimulated glucose transfer caused by a translocation of the glucose transporter type 2 gene (GLUT 2). On the other hand, higher levels of T3 activate a number of genes involved in glucose metabolism and insulin resistance.