PDGFA and neoplasm: Both PDGFA and PDGFRA have been found to play critical roles in gliomagenesis and tumor progression.15,18–20 On the one hand, PDGFA is one of the core genes related with gain of chromosome 7, which is broadly observed in glioblastoma,18,21 and also one of the signature genes for the classical subtype GBM15; on the other hand, copy number amplification and mRNA overexpression of PDGFRA are typical features of Proneural GBM.