Within the astrocyte cell type, we identified an astrocyte subtype that had a positive association with AD (Fig. 3G) that corresponded to the Astro L1 FGFR3 FOS subtype from the AIBS brain cell atlas (i.e., FOS is a DAA marker) [69] (Fig. 3H), had upregulated DAA marker GFAP (Fig. 3I) [63], and was enriched for DAA markers (OR = 30.93, Fisher’s exact p value < 2.2 × 10−16, Additional file 1: Table S6). The gene discussed is FOS; the disease is Alzheimer disease.