GSK3B and familial dilated cardiomyopathy: In STZ-induced DCM mouse model, the levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt mRNA expression were increased, which can upregulate the Bax and caspase-3 protein, while the levels of Bcl-2, PI3K, p-GSK-3b/GSK-3b, and p-Akt expression were decreased, and this means the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is involved in mediating myocardial damage caused by OS and inflammation [76].