As in mammals, the C. elegans p38 PMK-1 pathway regulates the expression of secreted innate immune effectors and is required for survival during pathogen infection (Kim et al., 2002; Troemel et al., 2006; Peterson and Pukkila-Worley, 2018; Pukkila-Worley and Ausubel, 2012). This evidence concerns the gene MAPK14 and infection.