The area under the ROC curves, represented by the C-statistic, indicated that at admission to ICU, these biomarkers had good discriminability for CSA-AKI, with GDF-15 (C-statistic: 0.8, 95% CI, 0.7–0.89), IL1RL1 (C-statistic: 0.68; 95% CI, 0.56–0.8), uPAR (C-statistic: 0.63; 95% CI, 0.5–0.76) and their combination (C-statistic: 0.84; 95% CI, 0.74–0.93) (Figures 9A,B). This evidence concerns the gene GDF15 and acute kidney injury.