HIF1A and cancer: Whereas HIF-1α was initially identified as a key factor in response to hypoxia, accumulating evidence has revealed that HIF-1α could be also regulated by hypoxia-independent pathways such as oncogene activation or loss of tumor suppressors, which links metabolic reprogramming to tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis (Denko, 2008; Rankin and Giaccia, 2016; Zhang et al., 2019).