One study demonstrated that successful treatment of combined anti-VEGFR2 and anti–PD-L1 in breast cancer and pancreatic cancer was correlated with the induction of high endothelial venules (HEV) that resulted in lymphocyte infiltration through activation of lymphotoxin β receptor (LTβR) signaling (157). Here, LTBR is linked to familial pancreatic carcinoma.