Other mechanisms in this tumor type consist in increasing the expression of immune-checkpoints (e.g., PD-L1) to prevent T-cell effector functions, eliciting the release of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, regulatory T cells, and M2-differentiated tumor-associated macrophages, all of which impair antitumor immunity and facilitates tumor growth (25, 26) (Figure 1). The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.