SMURF2 and pulmonary fibrosis: In addition, miR-411-3p inhibited the expression of SMAD ubiquitination regulatory factor 2 (SMURF2) and reduced the ubiquitination degradation of SMAD7 regulated by SMURF2, thereby blocking the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway and alleviating silicosis-related pulmonary fibrosis by stimulating the primary lung fibroblasts of rats with TGF-β [71, 79].