By analyzing the association between clinical data and MPR in the discovery and validation sets, we found that old age (> 60 y) was significantly correlated with MPR (P = 0.023) (Supplementary Figure 2A), patients with squamous cancer presented with a higher MPR than patients with adenocarcinoma (P = 0.025) (Supplementary Figure 2B), and patients who underwent an anti-PD-L1 regimen showed a higher MPR than those who underwent an anti-PD-1 regimen (P = 0.023) (Supplementary Figure 2C). The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is adenocarcinoma.