1. CASPR2 antibodies bind to hippocampal neurons and to CASPR2-transfected HEK cells, and lead to some internalization of the IgG (72). CASPR2 and LGI1 antibodies containing CSFs, of patients with autoantibody-mediated forms of encephalitis, increased the probability of glutamate release from CA3 neurons. In addition, these CSFs induced epileptiform activity at a population level following Schaffer collateral stimulation (169). The CASPR2 antibodies containing CSF was also associated with higher spontaneous firing of CA1 pyramidal neurons (169). This evidence concerns the gene CNTNAP2 and viral encephalitis.