Alongside this, the development of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusions (CSII) systems combined with sensor-augmented pump therapy (SAP) and potentially hybrid closed-loops (HCL) systems to respond to changes in HbA1c levels thereby further reducing episodes of hypoglycaemia (Garg et al., 2017; Karges et al., 2017; Steineck et al., 2017; Burckhardt et al., 2018; Gómez et al., 2018; Korkmaz et al., 2018; Stone et al., 2018; Grunberger et al., 2021; Moreno-Ferández et al., 2021; Roze et al., 2021). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Hypoglycemia.