TFF1 and cancer: It was reported that miR-423-5p can promote autophagy in cancer cells and is increased in the serum of hepatocarcinoma patients treated with sorafenib [27]; miR-423-5p also regulated cell proliferation and invasion by targeting trefoil factor 1 in gastric cancer cells [28]; miR-423 further played a role in promoting breast cancer invasion by activating NF-κB signaling [29].