In adult myositis, gene–environment interactions have been found between HLA-DRB1*03, smoking and the presence of anti-Jo-1 autoantibodies, and between HLA-DRB1*11:01 and anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (anti-HMGCR)-positive statin-induced immune-mediated necrotising myopathy (15,16). The gene discussed is HMGCR; the disease is myositis disease.