CTLA4 and neoplasm: Although the prognostic role of CTLA-4 has been reported contradictory35, the fact that the density of CTLA-4+ lymphocytes varied between tumor types as well as between individual tumors and that the CTLA-4 density was lower in tumors of advanced clinicopathological parameters was expected because similar findings had been observed for an inflamed immune phenotype36–38, CD3+39, CD8+36, and CD4+40, lymphocytes as well as for PD-L1+ immune cells41 or CD112R+ lymphocyte subsets21.