However, scholars have found that the colonization rate of E. faecalis in premature neonates is significantly lower than that in healthy neonates and that E. faecalis can reduce the secretion of the pro-inflammatory factor interleukin 8 (IL-8) by inhibiting the SAPK/JNK and P38 MAPK signalling pathways, thus reducing the occurrence of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates [71, 72]. This evidence concerns the gene MAPK9 and necrotizing enterocolitis.