IL17A and infection: On the contrary, a protective role for IL-17 was identified for the VL patients whose Th17 cells were considered to be involved with host protective immune response by the secretion of IL-17 cytokines and neutrophil recruitment to the infection sites[72], detectable by the high serum level of IL-17 in patients who were resistant to the infection or recovered quickly after L. donovani infection[73].