In individuals without atherosclerosis, two thirds of CD4+ T cells reactive to another ApoB100 peptide, ApoB3036−3050, expressed the Treg-defining transcription factor FoxP3. In patients with manifest coronary artery disease, this proportion was reduced to 30%, whereas a large proportion showed a mixed, partially proinflammatory Treg/Teff phenotype (94). The gene discussed is APOB; the disease is atherosclerosis.